
Timber Billions 

of the 

Pacific Northwest 



















TIMBER 

BILLIONS 



PACIFIC NORTHWEST 


Other publications in this series, 
already issued , are listed below . Cop¬ 
ies of these may be obtained from any 
one of the officials named on page y. 

The Land of Opportunity Now 
A brief survey of agricultural 
and industrial resources, devel¬ 
opments and opportunities in 
the Pacific Northwest. 

Through the American Wonder¬ 
land 

A description of the scenic and 
industrial attractions of the 
Pacific Northwest. 

A Business of Your Own in 

Po ULTRYLAND 

The story of the great poultry 
industry of the Pacific North¬ 
west and the opportunities it 
offers. 



TIMBER 

BILLIONS 



PACIFIC NORTHWEST 


1923 

Published by 

CHICAGO BURLINGTON & QUINCY RAILROAD 
GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY 
NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY 




A TREMENDOUS growth in the lumber 
industry of the Pacific Northwest during 
th e next few years seems inevitable. 
Timber supplies are falling off in every eastern 
region. The Pacific Northwest, with one-half 
the forest resources of the country, must 
shortly become the primary source of timber. 

To tell the story of this great industry and the 
vast resources that assure its greater future is 
the purpose of this book. A technical discussion 
is not attempted; the effort rather is to show 
what this giant business means to every other 
business—the mighty power of a tremendous 
natural resource in building this new empire of 
the Pacific Northwest. 

This is the fourth in a series of publications 
issued jointly by the Burlington,Northern Pacif¬ 
ic, and Great Northern railways as part of a 
national campaign to stimulate interest in the 
Pacific Northwest—Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, 
Washington and Oregon. 

Other publications in this series, listed in the 
front of this book, and still others yet to be pub¬ 
lished, describe industrial, farming, and living 
conditions and opportunities and the wonderful 
scenic attractions of the Pacific Northwest. 
Copies of any of these publications now issued 
and information on any subject related to the 
Pacific Northwest may be obtained from one of 
the officials below: 

P. S. EUSTIS, Passenger Traffic Manager 
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. 

Chicago, Ill. 

A. B. SMITH, Passenger Traffic Manager 
Northern Pacific Ry. 

St. Paul, Minn. 

A. J. DICKINSON, Passenger Traffic Manager 
Great Northern Ry. 

St. Paul, Minn. 


Copyright by C. B. & Q. R. R., N. P. RY., G. N. RY., 1923 



i C 0 








THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



TIMBER! 


Timber! 

T WO axmen run as they shout the warning; a forest 
giant snaps its last supporting sinews, moves with 
majestic grace as the topmost branches soar through 
sky, gathers momentum quickly and falls with a swelling 
roar and crash. Two hundred feet of straight timber. 
All the years since Columbus are recorded in its concen¬ 
tric rings—its log of life—and the last one measures 
twenty-four feet! A great historian is dead. But the 
life of service has just begun. Three more families can 
have homes. 

Timber! 

On a thousand hills, from a thousand slopes, comes 
the woodcutter’s cry. A battle cry! The nation’s great 
forest reserve is going into action. An industrial army 
is on the march. From the timberlands of the East, 
from the pine regions of the South, from the Great Lakes 
region comes this army of might and men to the virgin 
forests of the Pacific Northwest. Wartime destruction 
and peacetime construction both have swelled its ranks. 
Great sawmills are unlimbered. Hundreds of logging 
camps are pushing back the forest frontier. Cities with 
a permanent economic support in lumber are springing 
up. One hundred and fifty thousand men in camps and 
mills already are producing nearly one-third the nation’s 
lumber cut. By trainloads and shiploads the great 


-5" 









TIMBER BILLIONS 



Growing since the days of Columbus, the giant Douglas firs of 
the Pacific Northwest commonly measure six feet in diameter 
—sometimes twice that size—and tower 200 to 250 feet. 


6 








THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 


forest crop, worth $350,000,000 a year, moves eastward 
throughout our own country and to foreign lands. And 
the world, in a frenzy of belated building, calls for more! 

Timber! 

The world demands more of it to build and grow. The 
Pacific Northwest can supply it. On the slopes of the 
Cascades, the Coast Range and the Olympics of Oregon 
and Washington!, in the Coeur d’Alenes, the Bitterroots 
and Rockies of Idaho, Montana and Wyoming is half 
the timber in the United States. Here is America’s great 
forest reserve. A vast storehouse of natural wealth 
measuring 970 billion board feet! If these great forests 
should now stop growing, and cutting should proceed at 
the present rate, they would yield 10 billion feet worth 
$350,000,000 every year for 100 years. But growth con¬ 
tinues at a rate that adds to the supply more than half 
the amount annually cut. And cutting must shortly 
increase to two or three times the present amount, in 
the opinion of the United States Forest Service. Experts 
agree that within the next fifteen years the burden of 
supplying the bulk of the country’s needs for lumber will 
rest upon the Pacific Northwest. 

What a great Tomorrow for the Pacific Northwest! 
No wonder it is growing at a rate five times as fast as the 
nation. No wonder farsighted men are building there 
a great new empire of industry. Lumbering itself, 
based on a vast natural wealth that is secure, almost 
would support it. But other great industries are keep¬ 
ing pace with lumber. Shipping has had a tremendous 
growth, increasing in volume and value several times in 
the last two decades. The great ports of the Pacific 
Northwest now are the principal western gateway to an 
increasing trade with three-fourths of the world’s popula¬ 
tion. Immense oil fields, coal and mineral mines in 
Montana, Wyoming and Idaho are yielding a million 
dollars a day in new wealth. A big fishing industry 
centers in the world's largest fisheries of Washington, 
Alaska and Oregon; huge water-power plants more and 


-7- 



TIMBER BILLIONS 


more are utilizing one-half the water-power resources of the 
nation , and, with the cheap power offered, are stimula¬ 
ting manufacturing in every field. And basic to all is a 
strong, sturdy agriculture famed for its high production 
and sound marketing—an industry that is destined to 
expand enormously in the next few years. 

The Pacific Northwest is no longer the land of the 
pioneers. For it is conquered and subdued and equip¬ 
ped—a great modern country. And yet what has been 


GREAT MIGRATIONS OF THE LUMBER INDUSTRY 



By successive migrations , America's great lumber industry 
has moved from the Eastern States to the Great Lakes 
region , to the South , and now to the Padfic Northwest. 


done is only a preparation for far greater things ahead. 
A vaster treasure trove of natural riches is yet to be 
unlocked. 

On the horizon of the Pacific Northwest men with vision 
read, in letters of fire, a single word—Opportunity. 




-8- 























THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



A COLOSSUS MOVES WEST 

A MERICA has an amazing appetite lor wood. We 
_ use two-fifths of the total world consumption. Our 
annual ration is 40 billion feet of lumber, 87 million 
railroad ties, 5^ million cords of pulp wood, and no 
million cords of fuel. We have $5,000,000,000 invested 
in plants that make lumber, wood products and paper. 
These 75,000 establishments employ 1,350,000 workers. 
Nor is that all. Every industry, no matter what, is 
dependent in part on the forest. 

Wherewithal shall this colossus be fed? The timbered 
regions of the eastern states, of the Great Lakes region, 
of the South, which have borne the brunt of our timber 
demands, must have support. They cannot supply the 
increasing demands. The great forest reserve of the 
Pacific Northwest must become the nation’s primary 
source of supply. 

The lumber colossus turns to the West. It will not 
be disappointed in the prospect—nearly 1,000 billion 
feet of virgin timber in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, 
Montana and Wyoming! Half the forest resources of 
the United States! Lumber experts and logging engi¬ 
neers are busy with plans. New plants are being built, 
and established mills enlarged. Logging railroads are 
extending and new ones penetrate virgin forests. 

Operators are assembling vast quantities of equip¬ 
ment. Much of it must be new and adapted to the big 


“9- 




















Master of logging ceremonies is the powerful “donkey" 
engine. It snakes out" the mighty logs from deep can¬ 
yons , lifts them gently to flat cars or tosses them on slides 
that connect with water routes to the mills. 


-TO- 













THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 


scale of operations necessary in handling the larger trees 
in this region. Heavy machinery must take the place 
of nian power and horse power in many operations— 
giant cranes, loaders, donkey engines in the logging 
camps, larger saws, carriages, and other equipment in 
the mills. 

Big Business Ahead 

Westward the course of empire, and westward now 
the course of lumbering! Big business is ahead. The 
lumber industry of the Pacific Northwest, already grown 
gigantic, must double and triple its output in the next 
15 years if the nation’s needs are to be supplied. The 
task is stupendous. A production of 10 billion feet- 
nearly one-third the annual cut in the United States— 
must increase to 30 billion. The army of 150,000 work¬ 
ers must be expanded to nearly half a million. Instead 
of $350,000,000 the forests of the Pacific Northwest 
must shortly return $1,000,000,000 a year. 

Already Washington is leading all the states in lumber 
production. Her 300 logging camps and 800 sawmills 
are turning out 5>2 billion board feet of lumber. Giant 
mills there produce two-thirds of all our shingles. With 
Oregon, it makes billion shingles a year. Oregon’s 
lumber production amounts to 31/3 billion feet. With 
Washington it produces 140,000 tons of news-print 
paper. "There is room in the Pacific Northwest for not 
less than sixteen additional pulp and paper mills with 
a combined yearly capacity of 800,000 tons. The United 
States Forest Service believes the Pacific Northwest can 
produce 1,500,000 tons annually on a perpetual basis. 
Idaho is producing 900 million feet of lumber, Montana 
400 million and Wyoming, where the chief forest industry 
is the production of railroad ties, turns out 8jT million 
feet. Within the last few years western timber has 
assumed a dominating place in the principal markets of 
the lake states and has largely replaced southern pine 
at many consuming points in the central states. 


11 - 












TIMBER BILLIONS 



Canyons of piled lumber surround the giant mills which 
now produce one-third of America's timber. Still in the 
vast forests of the Pacific Northwest is enough to build our 
16,000,000 frame houses three times over. 


- 12- 












THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



A THOUSAND BILLION FEET 

J OHN BROWN, average American, isn’t much inter¬ 
ested in a thousand billion board feet. His feeling is 
that this is entirely too many feet to think about. Billions 
of anything are always dizzying—even to Americans. 
It doesn’t help matters much if John happens to know 
that a board foot is a piece of lumber a foot square and 
an inch thick. 

But here is this same John Brown, and he’s building 
a new house. He has just paid for several thousand feet 
of lumber—20,833, to he exact—and he knows what 
every foot of it cost not only, but he speaks fluently of 
siding and two-by-fours and ceiling and flooring. Here 
is quite a different person. He follows us now when we 
tell him that in the Pacific Northwest there is enough 
timber to build 48,000,000 houses like his—three times 
as many houses as there are now in all the United States. 
That, in figures somewhat less staggering, is the meaning 
of one thousand billion board feet. 

One thousand billion board feet! The accumulated 
forest wealth of centuries is now unlocked. Normally we 
build 400,000 houses a year in the United States. If forest 
growth stopped, this vast supply would provide for all 
the new homes in the United States at the present build¬ 
ing rate for 120 years. But these forests annually repro¬ 
duce more than half the amount now cut. And with 
more and more attention being given to reforestation 
and fire protection this rate may be increased. Oregon 

-13- 












TIMBER BILLIONS 



Gr-eat as its lumber industry is now, the Pacific Northwest 
?nust double and perhaps treble its production in the next 
fifteen years, Government experts believe. 


H 






















THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



TIMBER RESOURCES OF THE UNITED STATES 


In the five states of the Pacific Northwest nearly one-half 
the timber resources of the United States are concentrated. 


leads all the states with 480 billion board feet; Washing¬ 
ton is next with 335 billion, Idaho had 85 billion, Mon¬ 
tana 60 billion and Wyoming 10 billion. These are the 
amounts of timber now standing in the five states. 

The Douglas Fir Giants 

Let us look for a moment at these vast areas of timber 
wealth, the most magnificent forests in the world. First, 
the most wonderful forest of a single type—the giant 
Douglas firs of western Oregon and western Washington. 
In this almost unbroken stand, 350 miles long and 100 
miles wide, is more than half the timber of the Pacific 
Northwest—558 billion feet. These are the “big trees” 
of the Pacific Northwest. Trees six feet in diameter and 
200 feet high are common. Long timbers for ship and 
car construction, and highly finished boards for interior 
uses of many kinds are obtained from these mammoth 
trees. The products of the Douglas fir forests are ship¬ 
ped by rail and water to many parts of this country and 
of the world. 

The other two principal varieties of saw timber are 
the western yellow pine, of which there are about 100 
billion feet, and the western white pine, of which there 
are 20 billion feet. 


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COPYRIGHT ev C.B.A. Q.R.R , G.N.RY 


To the Pacific Northwest the Burlington- 
Northern Pacific-Great Northern Railroads 
are dedicated—to its service and develop¬ 
ment, present and future. 


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This is the Pacific Northwest — Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Washington and Oregon. Here a great new empire of indus¬ 
try is building swiftly on a solid foundation of tremendous natural wealth—vast forests, rich mines, surpassing water power, 
wonderful harbors, great fisheries and a strong, sturdy agriculture. It is growing five times as fast as the nation. Already 
it has a population of three-and-one-half millions and its rich resources can support ten, fifteen, twenty times that number. 

















TIMBER BILLIONS 



The preponderant strength of states in the Pacific Northwest 
is shown in this comparison of the principal timber states. 


Y\ estern yellow pine—sometimes known in the lumber 
trade as western pine—is found throughout the Pacific 
Northwest but the heaviest stands are in central and 
eastern Oregon and in parts of Montana and Idaho. It 
has long been a wood of recognized value for all sorts of 
uses. It competes now in the markets of the central 
states, and to a less degree in the eastern states, with 
the yellow pines from the southern pine region. 

World’s Largest White Pine Forest 

The largest forest of western white pine in the world 
is found in Northern Idaho and lapping over somewhat 
into western Montana. It contains 20 billion feet— 
three-fourths of the white pine in the United States. It 
is the occurrence of this species that is responsible for 
the building up of the lumber industry there. From the 
standpoint of general utility as well as value, there are 
few substitutes for white pine. 

Western larch, however, is the distinctive tree of 
western Montana, and with western yellow pine and 
Douglas fir it makes up the principal commercial forests 
there. Larch is used principally as a heavy construction 
timber. On the east side of the Continental Divide in 


18- 



























the PACIFIC NORTH WEST 


Montana and Wyoming the species are Douglas fir, 
lodgepole pine, yellow pine, and some species of less 
importance. Lodgepole pine occasionally grows large 
enough lor saw logs but usually it is best suited for rail¬ 
road ties and mine timbers. It is largely used for these 
purposes. I he chief forest industry of Wyoming is in 
the utilization of lodgepole pine for railroad ties. 

National Forests Protect Reserves 

About two-thirds of the great forests of the Pacific 
Northwest are owned privately, while one-third are 
owned by the Federal Government in the various 
National Forests shown on the map in the center of this 
book. The National Forests were set aside to insure 
the permanent production of timber, to protect the 
watersheds of navigable streams, and to preserve water 
supplies for cities and for irrigation and power. Sales 
of timber from these forests on long time leases are made 
by the government to private concerns. 



- 19- 






TIMBER BILLIONS 



Two hundred feet aloft the daring lumber-jack risks his 
life to top the “spar” tree , which then becomes the main 
mast of steel rigging to drag in and load the logs. 

- 20- 











THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



MORE TIMBER! 

T O the Pacific Northwest, then, America now 
turns for the product that is the mainstay of her 
progress. Here, in the years just ahead, must develop 
the nation’s primary source of timber. It is a tremen¬ 
dous responsibility. But the Pacific Northwest can 
shoulder it—is shouldering it. 

M me timber, and still more timber! The demand 
ccnms from every industry, from every country. The 
vast amounts used in former years are not enough now. 
Supplies must be increased. We are in a great “building 
boom.” New construction has not kept pace with 
demand since the war and we must make up lost 
time. The present shortage of dwellings is estimated at 
more than a million. 

And the normal building rate, as well as other 
demands, must increase with the rapidly growing popu¬ 
lation. Four hundred thousand houses a year will not 
be enough. The 150,000,000 mark in population will 
be reached, the best authorities agree, by 1950. If per 
capita consumption should not increase we would then 
require a third more timber every year. In the past, 
lumber consumption throughout the world has doubled 
about every 50 years. 

In spite of the greater use of wood substitutes, the 
tendency of requirements for timber to increase instead 
of diminish is world-wide. This is illustrated by the 
growth in consumption of the nations which are advanc- 


-21- 






TIMBER BILLIONS 


ing industrially, but which are restricted to a moderate 
use of wood by inadequate home supplies. Even the 
wood substitutes require immense amounts of wood in 
their manufacture. Every ton of steel requires the 
consumption of wood in mining the iron ore and in min¬ 
ing the coal used to make the steel. The coal mines in 
the country every year use from 250 to 300 million cubic 
feet of wood. To manufacture cement, coal must be 
used, and therefore wood; and large amounts of wood 
are used for forms in concrete construction. Copper 
cannot be made without consuming wood. 

Farmers Are Largest Consumers 

All food is produced with the aid of wood in some 
form, and most of it is shipped in containers made from 
wood. The farmer who raises our foods and the hides 
and textiles from which our clothing is made is the larg¬ 
est consumer of wood in the country. He uses nearly 
one-half the lumber produced. Ninety-eight per cent 
of our rural dwellings are of wood. It would take 150 
billion feet of lumber, or our present annual cut for four 
years, to equip fully the farms in the United States. 

In urban territory ^ to 97 per cent of all houses are 
of wood. Even if brick is used, a six-room house takes 
three-fifths the amount of lumber required for frame 
construction. In building with brick, concrete and steel, 
much wood goes into scaffolding and frames. Some sys¬ 
tems of concrete construction require more wood than 
would be the case if wood were the permanent material, 
and require larger timbers to support the concrete in the 
process of construction than would the building itself 
if it were all of wood. It is estimated that 15 per cent of 
the cost of concrete construction is lumber. 

This isn’t to say that substitutes for wood are not 
gaining ground. They are. But the tendency has been 
more to take up the normal expansion in demand for 
timber due to growth in population and industrial prog- 
1 ess than to lessen the actual volume of wood consump¬ 
tion. Furthermore, as wood is being replaced by other 






THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



LUMBER PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES 

1920 


The five states of the Pacific Northwest now produce nearly 
one-third of the nation s yearly lumber cut. 


materials in one field, new uses ol wood constantly arise 
in other fields. One example is the extending use of 
pulp wood not only for paper products of various kinds 
hut also for fiber containers, wall board, and similar 
forms of material, and recently even for making actual 
artificial boards. The chemical use of wood for making 
various by-products is still in its infancy; the next few 
years may see the use of wood for the production of 
alcohol on a large scale to take the place of gasoline. 
Wood is already used for the manufacture of artificial 
silk, rope and of carpets and other fabrics. Chemical 
research is revealing new uses for wood that were not 
dreamed of a few years ago. 

The Age of Wood has not been left behind us—it may 
well lie ahead of us. In it the Pacific Northwest is 
destined to play a tremendous role. 

v 




























TIMBER BILLIONS 




The spectacular logging operations are thrilling, but the 
handling of the giant logs in the mills where heavy machin¬ 
ery and efficient equipment reduces them to lumber, is a 
no less fascinating chapter of this industrial romance. 


- 2 4 - 















THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



BIG TREES, BIG BUSINESS 

\ LL this means one thing—a tremendous new busi- 
ness awakening throughout the Pacific Northwest. 
It is not a boom, although the growth of this country 
has been rapid and will be more so. But there is no 
hypodermic kind of stimulation here; no mushroom 
growth. Its foundation is deeper—as deep-rooted as the 
great forests on which it rests. Has ever a country 
budded on a sounder, more substantial basis of natural 
wealth ? 

Gradually the Pacific Northwest—Montana, Wyom¬ 
ing, Idaho, Oregon and Washington—must assume con¬ 
trol of the nation’s great lumber industry. This must 
come within the next 20 years, according to Govern¬ 
ment experts. In that time, they declare, production 
of lumber here must double and possibly treble. That 
means 150,000 workers will become 300,000 to 450,000. 
Experts estimate for each employe in the industry four 
to five more persons in the local supporting population. 
An increase of 300,000 workers therefore means an 
increase of 1,500,000 in the population of the Pacific 
Northwest due to this industry alone. Likewise, the 
returns from lumber products must increase from $350,- 
000,000 a year to more than $1,000,000,000. 

That is not all. The increased tonnage to be handled 
by the shipping industry and the railroads will add more 
thousands of workers, more millions in wages. In 1919, 
10,000 sailors, long-shoremen, stevedores and others 


-25- 


















TIMBER BILLIONS 





By trainloads and shiploads the great forest crop of the 
Pacific Northwest, worth $350,000,000 a year, moves east¬ 
ward throughout our own country and to foreign lands. 


-26- 


























the pacific northwest 



In lumber production Washington and Oregon hold first 
and second places among the states that lead in the manu- 
f acture of this product. 


were employed in the water transportation of lumber. 
More than 15,000 men were required by the railroads to 
handle the lumber output of Washington and Oregon 
alone. 

Agriculture must grow with more thousands to be fed. 
Manufacturing will be stimulated, especially in furni¬ 
ture, wood-working, paper pulp, and machinery making. 
In fact every line of business and every profession must 
share in the greatly increased demand for equipment and 
supplies and services of all kinds. 

Water Power at Lowest Rates 

Development of the vast water power resources of 
the Pacific Northwest has progressed on a gigantic scale. 
The largest hydro-electric plants in the world now sup¬ 
ply power here for every use at the lowest rates in the 
country. But new and greater plants will be built- 
are, in fact, now building in anticipation of the increas¬ 
ing needs in mills and factories. 

Activities in the rich mining fields, the oil fields, the 
vast coal fields of Montana, Idaho and Wyoming, the 
great port developments of Washington and Oregon will 
keep pace with lumber. For industrial progress here is 

-27- 





















































































































































































































TIMBER BILLIONS 


not over a single track. This great new empire of indus¬ 
try is endowed richly with every resource. 

And what does it mean to the home builder, to the 
farmer, to the business man, to the manufacturer in the 
Pacific Northwest to have the advantages of cheap lum¬ 
ber? Douglas fir vertical grain flooring sold at retail 
in the Pacific Northwest in August, 1922, for $60 a thou¬ 
sand. In the Middle West it cost $88 at the same time, 
and in New England the price was $100 a thousand. 
Likewise, wood fuel, both for home and industrial use, 
is plentiful and cheap from the forests and factory waste 
heaps. 

The Rising Tide of Prosperity 

The Pacific Northwest is advancing along every line 
of business with steadily increasing momentum. It is 
a permanent progress. It is over ground that can be 
held and consolidated because nature has provided the 
sure footing of a varied inherent wealth that insures 
balance and stability. The man who now makes him¬ 
self a part of this movement, who dedicates his energies 
and his capital to this country’s development, will shortly 
find himself carried forward by a force only partly of 
his own making to an inevitable prosperity. 


* 8 ? 


-28- 




THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



SEE THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 

T O the man, no matter what his business may be, 
who knows opportunity when he finds it, we make 
a suggestion: Get away from your business for two or 
three or four weeks and go out and see this new empire 
of industry in the Pacific Northwest. Make it a vacation 
with a double value—rest and a first-hand knowledge 
of a country that will be the center of an extraordinary 
industrial development during the years just ahead. 

Investigate this country for yourself. Appraise its 
opportunities. You may discover a gold mine. The 
history of the Pacific Northwest is rich in the experience 
of men who came to see and stayed to build. To build 
fortunes not only, but a larger and happier life. But 
whether he casts his lot directly with this country or 
finds in it a new field for extending his present business, 
the man who informs himself with respect to the great 
industrial resources of the Pacific Northwest and of the 
huge developments now under way there will enjoy 
marked business advantages during the next few years. 

Go to the Pacific Northwest for a rest and then “see 
the country.” Get into the big, cool forests of Montana, 
Wyoming, Idaho, Washington and Oregon and be 
thrilled and inspired with their wonder and beauty. 
Watch the logging operations. If there is anything in 
industry more fascinating, more broadly educative than 
to view, from the vantage point of a mountain top, the 
felling and handling of these giant trees in a vast canyon 

-29- 





TIMBER BILLIONS 


amphitheater below yon will find yourself hard put to 
name it. Follow these big timbers through the saw 
mills, the paper mills, and the wood-working factories. 
1 ou will get a new idea of modern industrial might and 
bigness. 

Here Is Bigness and Greatness 

Y isit the oil fields in Montana and Wyoming—centers 
of lively activities; the vast mining regions of Montana, 
Wyoming, and Idaho; the great port developments and 
shipping industry in the wonderful harbors of Washing¬ 
ton and Oregon; the gigantic water power and irrigation 
plants—built and building—in Montana, Wyoming, 
Idaho, Oregon and Washington; the big fishing and 
canning industry of the coast region; the famous farms 
and ranches of the Pacific Northwest from Montana 
and Wyoming on to the coast. If possible, add Alaska 
to your trip and see another center of expanding indus¬ 
try with a tremendous future. 

Our experts can help you plan such a trip so you can 
make the most of the time you have. Reduced round- 
trip fares are in effect the year round. All-year excursion 
tickets, carrying liberal stop-over privileges, good going 
by one route and returning by an entirely different 
route, and for return to starting point any time within 
nine months from date of sale, are on sale daily. During 
the vacation tour season—usually from May to October 
specially reduced round-trip tickets are on sale daily. 
These tickets permit diverse routing, allow stop-overs at 
all points en route, going or returning, and are good for 
return until October 31. The low cost of this trip will 
surprise you. One can spend many weeks most profit¬ 
ably in the Pacific Northwest but if his time is limited 
he may visit the principal sections in from two to four 
weeks. 

^ Every detail of your trip can be planned for you. 
Consult the nearest representative of the Burlington 
Northern Pacific or Great Northern lines, or write to 
one of the officials below. There is no charge for this 
service. For authoritative information regarding indus- 

-30- 







THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 


trial resources, farming or business opportunities, or 
scenic atrractions in the Pacific Northwest, write to one 
of the officials below: 

P. S. Eustis, Passenger Traffic Manager, 
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 

Ch icago, Ill. 

A. J. Dickinson, Passenger Traffic Manager , 

(Treat Northern Ry., 

St. Paul, Minn. 

A. B. Smith, Passenger Traffic Manager , 
Northern Pacific Ry., 

St. Paul, Minn. 



Printed in U. S. A. 


“SI" 


POOLE BROS. CHICAGO 





Main lines of the Burlington-Great Northern-Northern 
Pacific to the Pacific Northwest. 



















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